Abstract

Sakhalin Region is the pivot of development of oil and gas industry in Russia's Far East federal district and Sakhalin Island is the protagonist. It' s striking not only lies in the long history of oil and gas development but also the changes of current situation.

This book, based on the research results at home and abroad for reference, will put the history and reality fragments of Sakhalin oil and gas development in an analysis framework. The framework is the combination of Russian resource strategy and geopolitical strategy.

Three problems are been solved as following：

First, draw a basic outline of oil and gas development of Sakhalin Island in one century by taking the oil industry chain as a clue. From the time, it spans three different historical periods in Russia; from the space, it expands from lands of Sakhalin Island to continental shelf of Sakhalin Island; from the content of management, gas first, oil after; from participants, two forces both domestic and international interact each other.

Second, as Russia's Far East oil and gas development proving ground, Sakhalin Island went through renting, product sharing and some other special policies. They all started cooperating with the west, experienced overheating and tightening alternate scenarios, until Russia dominated the development. Behind it reflects Russian foreign strategic considerations. The end of the cold war is a boundary approximately. Before it, geopolitical interests were the focus. After that, both economic interests and geopolitical interests have been taken into consideration. They reflect, from the other side, the political momentum of the Sakhalin oil and gas development: oil development offers Russia opportunities for diplomatic checks and balances while gas development offers diversities of its diplomatic advantage. Its output is a kind of resource, switching back time and leaving the local infrastructure. For Russia, this is one step back, while two steps forward.

Third, Sakhalin Island provided constructed elastic space for oil and gas development in Russia's Far East. Its construction began with a single point. The Okha city witnessed the oil and gas development achievement of northern Sakhalin onshore. Connecting the dots process was in parallel with it, in the mining and processing of oil field, Sakhalin Island, Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk formed the cooperative relationship. The rise of Yuzhno -Sakhalinsk connected more with Sakhalin continental shelf. Sea and land developments complement each other, building the framework of Sakhalin oil economy. With the potential of energy resources of the Kuril Islands, it predicts Sakhalin a hydrocarbon society. Oil and gas development benefits spread over Russia's Far East and natural gasifying is the bond. Tunnels, railways and ocean transportation will continue be supportive.